Circumcision is one of the oldest surgical procedures and is performed for various reasons, including cultural, religious, and medical purposes. It is typically performed on newborns, infants, or older children, but adult circumcision is also common for medical or personal reasons.

Circumcision is generally considered a safe procedure when performed by trained healthcare professionals in sterile conditions. However, like any surgical procedure, it carries some risks, including bleeding, infection, or complications such as excessive scar tissue formation or injury to the penis. Consulting a healthcare provider for thorough evaluation and discussion of risks and benefits is essential before undergoing circumcision.

Circumcision itself does not present symptoms, but common post-operative symptoms may include:

Pain and Discomfort: Pain, swelling, or discomfort at the surgical site, which is typically managed with pain medications and proper wound care.
Bleeding: Mild bleeding from the surgical site is common immediately after the procedure but should subside with time.
Redness and Inflammation: Redness, inflammation, or irritation of the penis may occur during the healing process but should resolve within a few days to weeks.

Circumcision may be performed for various reasons, including:

Cultural or Religious Practices: Circumcision is a common cultural or religious practice in many societies and faiths, including Judaism and Islam.
Medical Indications: Circumcision may be recommended for medical reasons such as phimosis (tight foreskin), recurrent infections of the foreskin (balanitis), or conditions such as paraphimosis or balanoposthitis.
Personal Choice: Some individuals or parents may opt for circumcision for personal or aesthetic reasons, although this is often a matter of personal preference.

Treatment after circumcision typically involves:

Wound Care: Keeping the surgical site clean and dry is crucial for proper healing. Gently washing the area with mild soap and water and applying petroleum jelly or antibiotic ointment as directed can help prevent infection and promote healing.
Pain Management: Over-the-counter pain medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen may be recommended to manage pain and discomfort.
Follow-up Care: Following up with the healthcare provider for post-operative evaluation and care instructions is important to ensure proper healing and address any concerns or complications.